Sometimes all you need is skin contact to get into your system. People who have allergies should read the label first. If there are words you cannot pronounce or you don’t know what it means, either take the time to do some research or do not purchase. Some people may have a problem just by touching the item. You do not have to take it orally to get a reaction. I was interested in the TSV, and I thank both of you in helping me make a decision.

Furthermore, minoxidil is an

orally active

vasodilator for treatment of severe hypertension.

Typical side effects of minoxidil are faster heart rate, augmented heart function and stroke volume (which can be associated with reduced vascular resistance upon baroflex stimulus), retained sodium and water and abnormal hair growth. The most common adverse reactions of the topical formulation are limited to irritant and allergic contact dermatitis on the scalp. Herein, we report a non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy caused by topical 5% minoxidil treatment that was resolved after discontinuation of minoxidil.

I don’t think that the Keranique is taken orally.